If you are a biology student, you have probably heard of the Amoeba Sisters. These two sisters have produced a range of educational videos, including one on DNA structure and function. In this article, we will provide you with a summary of their video guided notes, explaining the basics of DNA structure and function, and how it relates to the human body.
What Is DNA?
DNA is a molecule that contains genetic instructions used in the development and function of all living organisms. It stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, and is composed of four different nitrogenous bases: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), and Cytosine (C).
These four nitrogenous bases pair up in a specific way: A always pairs with T, and G always pairs with C. This forms the double helix structure of DNA.
Structure Of DNA
The DNA molecule is made up of two strands that are twisted together to form a double helix. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases. The sides of the DNA molecule are made up of sugar and phosphate molecules.
The sequence of nitrogenous bases determines the genetic code of an organism. This code is responsible for the traits that an organism inherits from its parents.
Functions Of DNA
There are two main functions of DNA: replication and protein synthesis.
Replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself. This is necessary for cell division and growth.
Protein synthesis is the process by which DNA is used to make proteins. Proteins are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
How DNA Relates To The Human Body
Every cell in the human body contains DNA. The DNA in each cell contains the genetic information that determines the characteristics of an individual.
Mutations in DNA can lead to genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Huntington’s disease. Understanding the structure and function of DNA is essential for scientists to develop treatments for these and other genetic disorders.
Conclusion
The Amoeba Sisters video guided notes on DNA structure and function provide a simple and easy-to-understand explanation of this complex topic. DNA is an essential molecule that plays a critical role in the development and function of all living organisms. Understanding its structure and function is key to unlocking the mysteries of genetics and developing new treatments for genetic disorders.
